God Alone is the Judge
6. [al-Anam, Cattle Mecca 55]
The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:
وَهُوَ
الْقَاهِرُ
فَوْقَ عِبَادِهِ
...
6: 61. He is the Irresistible, (watching) from above over his worshippers,
... وَيُرْسِلُ عَلَيْكُم حَفَظَةً...
and He sets guardians over you.
C882. Guardians: most commentators understand this to mean guardian angels. The idea of guardianship is expressed in a general term.
Allah watches over us and guards us, and provides all kinds of agencies, material, moral, and spiritual, to help our growth and development, keep us from harm, and bring us nearer to our Destiny.
...حَتَّىَ إِذَا جَاء أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ تَوَفَّتْهُ رُسُلُنَا...
At length, when death approaches one of you, Our angels take his soul,
C883. Angel: the word used is rusul, the Sent Ones, -the same word as for human Messengers sent by Allah to teach mankind.
The agents who come to take our souls at death are accurate in the performance of their duty. They come neither before nor after their appointed time, nor do they do it in any manner other than that fixed by the Command of Allah.
...وَهُمْ لاَ يُفَرِّطُونَ ﴿٦١﴾
and they never fail in their duty.
ثُمَّ
رُدُّواْ إِلَى
اللّهِ مَوْلاَهُمُ
الْحَقِّ أَلاَ
لَهُ الْحُكْمُ
...
6: 62. Then are men returned unto Allah, their True Protector, the (only) reality:
Surely His is the Command?
C884. The only Reality: al-haqq, the Truth, the only True One.
The point is that our illusions of the life of this lower world now vanish, when we are rendered back to Allah, from Whom we came. And now we find that so far from the results of our actions being delayed, they follow more swiftly than we can express in terms of Time.
Here is the answer to the taunt of those who were impatient of the working of Allah's Plans (6:57-58). (R).
... وَهُوَ أَسْرَعُ الْحَاسِبِينَ ﴿٦٢﴾
And He is the swiftest in taking account.
أَفَغَيْرَ
اللّهِ أَبْتَغِي
حَكَمًا وَهُوَ
الَّذِي أَنَزَلَ
إِلَيْكُمُ
الْكِتَابَ
مُفَصَّلاً...
6: 114. Say:
"Shall I seek for judge other than Allah?
when He it is Who hath sent unto you the Book, explained in detail."
C943. The righteous man seeks no other standard of Judgement but Allah's Will. How can he, when Allah in His grace has explained His Will in the Quran, with details which men of every capacity can understand?
The humblest can learn lessons of right conduct in daily life, and the most advanced can find the highest wisdom in its spiritual teaching, enriched as it is with all kinds of beautiful illustrations from nature and the story of man.
...وَالَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مُنَزَّلٌ مِّن رَّبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ ...
They know full well, to whom We have given the Book, that it hath been sent down from thy Lord in truth.
...فَلاَ تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ ﴿١١٤﴾
Never be then of those who doubt.
وَتَمَّتْ
كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ
صِدْقًا وَعَدْلاً
لاَّ مُبَدِّلِ
لِكَلِمَاتِهِ...
6: 115. The Word of thy Lord doth find its fulfillment in truth and in justice:
none can change His Words:
...وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ ﴿١١٥﴾
for He is the one who heareth and knoweth all.
6: 61
Asad And He alone holds sway over His servants. And He sends forth heavenly forces to watch over you [note 52] until, when death approaches any of you, Our messengers cause him to die: and they do not over look [anyone].
Pickthall He is the Omnipotent over His slaves. He send guardians over you until, when death comes unto one of you, Our messengers receive him, and they neglect not.
Transliteration Wa huwal qa_hiru fauqa'iba_dihi wa yursilu 'alaikum hafazah(tan), hatta_ iza_ ja_'a ahadakumul mautu tawaffathu rusuluna_ wa hum la_ yufarritu_n(a).
6: 62
Asad And they [who have died] are thereupon brought before God, their true Lord Supreme. Oh, verily, His alone is all judgment: and He is the swiftest of all reckoners!
Pickthall Then are they restored unto Allah, their Lord, the Just. Surely His is the judgment. And He is the most swift of reckoners.
Transliteration Summa ruddu_ ilalla_hi maula_humul haqq(i),ala_ lahul hukmu wa huwa asra'ul ha_sibin(a).
[[ Asad’s note 52 –Lit., “sends forth guardians over you”. ]]
[[ Ali’s notes - 882 Guardians: most commentators understand this to mean guardian angels. The idea of guardianship is expressed in a general term. God watches over us and guards us, and provides all kinds of agencies, material, moral, and spiritual, to help our growth and development, keep us from harm, and bring us nearer to our Destiny. (6.61)
883 Angel: the word used is rusul, the Sent Ones, -the same word as for human Apostles and Messengers sent by God to teach mankind. The agents who come to take our souls at death are accurate in the performance of their duty. They come neither before nor after their appointed time, nor do they do it in any manner other than that fixed by the Command of God. (6.61)
884 The only Reality: al-haqq, the Truth, the only True One. The point is that our illusions of the life of this lower world now vanish, when we are rendered back to God, from Whom we came. And now we find that so far from the results of our actions being delayed, they follow more swiftly than we can express in terms of Time. Here is the answer to the taunt of those who were impatient of the working of God's Plans (vi. 57-58). (6.62) ]]
6: 114
Asad [say you:] “Am I, then to look unto anyone but God for judgment [as to what is right and wrong], when it is He who has bestowed upon you from on high this divine writ, clearly spelling out the truth?” And those unto whom We have vouchsafed revelation aforetime know that this one, too, has been bestowed from on high, step by step, by your Sustainer [note 101]. Be not, then, among the doubters--
Pickthall Shall I seek other than Allah for judge, when He it is who hath revealed unto you (this) Scripture, fully explained? Those unto whom We gave the Scripture (aforetime) know that it is revealed from thy Lord in truth. So be not thou (O Muhammad) of the waverers.
Transliteration Afagairalla_hi abgi hakamaw wa huwal lazi anzala ilaikumul kita_ba mufassala_(n), wallazina a_taina_humul kita_ba ya'lamu_na annahu_ munazzalum mir rabbika bil haqqi fala_ taku_nanna minal mumtarin(a).
6: 115
Asad for, truly and justly has your Sustainer’s promise been fulfilled [note 102]. There is no power that could alter [the fulfillment of] His promises: and He alone is all-hearing, all-knowing.
Pickthall Perfected is the Word of thy Lord in truth and justice. There is naught that can change His words. He is the Hearer, the Knower.
Transliteration Wa tammat kalimatu rabbika sidqaw wa 'adla_(n), la_ mubaddila likalima_tih(i), wa huwas sami'ul 'alim(u).
[[ Asad’s note 101 – See 2:146, and the corresponding note. The pronoun “it” may refer either to the earlier divine writ – the Bible – and to its prediction of the advent of the prophet descended from Abraham, or, more probably, to the Quran: in which case it must be rendered as “this one, too”. In either case, the above phrase seems to allude to the instinctive (perhaps only subconscious) awareness of some of the followers of the Bible that the Quran is, in truth, an out come of divine revelation.]]
[[ Asad’s note 102 – When related to God, the term “kalimah” (lit., “word”) is often used in the Quran in the sense of “promise”. In this instance it obviously refers to the Biblical promise (Deuteronomy xviii, 15 and 18) that God would raise up a prophet “like unto Moses” among the Arabs (see surah 2, note 33) ]]
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22. [al-Hajj, Medina 103]
22:17
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[Asad note -18 See surah 2, note 49. ]
17. Those who believe (in the Qur'án), those who follow the Jewish (scriptures), and the Sabians,
C2788. For Sabians, see n. 76 to 2:62.
They are also referred to in 5:69.
In both those passages the Muslims are mentioned with the Jews, Christians, and Sabians, as receiving Allah's protection and mercy.
Here, besides the four religions, there is further mention of Magians and Polytheists: it is not said that they would receive Allah's Mercy, but only that Allah will judge between the various forms of faith. (R).
... وَالنَّصَارَى وَالْمَجُوسَ وَالَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا...
Christians, Magians, and Polytheists --
C2789. This is the only place where the Magians (Majas) are mentioned in the Quran.
Their cult is a very ancient one. They consider Fire as the purest and noblest element, and worship it as a fit emblem of Allah. Their location was the Persian and Median uplands and the Mesopotamian valleys, their religion was reformed by Zardusht (date uncertain, about B.C. 600?). Their scripture is the Zend-Avesta, the bible of the Parsis. They were "the Wise men of the East" mentioned in the Gospels. (R).
...إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ...
Allah will judge between them on the Day of Judgment:
...إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ ﴿١٧﴾
for Allah is witness of all things.
