2. Surah al-Baqara, Medina 87
The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:
وَكَذَلِكَ
...
2: 143.Thus
... جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا ...
have We made of you an Ummah justly balanced,
... لِّتَكُونُواْ شُهَدَاء عَلَى النَّاسِ...
that ye might be witnesses over the nations,
... وَيَكُونَ الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا...
and the Messenger a witness over yourselves;
... وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الْقِبْلَةَ الَّتِي كُنتَ عَلَيْهَا إِلاَّ لِنَعْلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ الرَّسُولَ ...
and We appointed the Qiblah to which thou wast used, only to test those who followed the Messenger
... مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ ...
from those who would turn on their heels (from the faith).
... وَإِن كَانَتْ لَكَبِيرَةً إِلاَّ عَلَى الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللّهُ ...
Indeed it was (a change) momentous, except to those guided by Allah.
... وَمَا كَانَ اللّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ...
And never would Allah make your faith of no effect.
... إِنَّ اللّهَ بِالنَّاسِ لَرَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ ﴿١٤٣﴾
For Allah is to all people most surely full of kindness, Most Merciful.
Transliteration Wakaza_likaja'alna_k mummataw wasata llitaku_nu_ syuhada_'a 'alanna_siwayaku_narrasu_lu 'alaikumsyahida_(n), wa ma_ ja'alnalqiblatallatikunta 'alaiha_ illa_ lina'lama may yattabi'urrasu_lamimmayyanqalibu 'ala_ 'aqibaih(i), wa in ka_natlakabiratanilla_ 'alallazinahadalla_h(u), wa ma_ ka_nalla_huliyudi'aima_nakum, innalla_ha bin na_si la ra'u_furrahim(un).
2: 143
Asad And thus have We willed you to be a community of the middle way [note 118], so that you might bear witness to the truth before all mankind, and that the Apostle might bear witness to it before you. …………..God is most compassionate towards man, a dispenser of grace.
Pickthall Thus We have appointed you a middle nation, that ye may be witnesses against mankind, and that the messenger may be a witness against you. And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels. In truth it was a hard (test) save for those whom Allah guided. But it was not Allah's purpose that your faith should be in vain, for Allah is full of pity, Merciful toward mankind.
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Ali’s comments:
C142.Thus: By giving you a Qiblah of your own, most ancient in history, and most modern as a symbol of your organisation as a new nation (Ummah).
C143.Justly balanced: The essence of Islam is to avoid all extravagances on either side. It is a sober, practical religion.
But the Arabic word (wasat) also implies a touch of the literal meaning of Intermediacy. Geographically Arabia is in an intermediate position in the Old World, as was proved in history by the rapid expansion of Islam, north, south, west and east.
C144.Witnesses: When two persons dispute, they advance extravagant claims. A just witness comes between them, and brings the light of reason to bear on them, pruning all their selfish extravagances. So the mission of Islam is to curb, for instance, the extreme formalism of the Mosaic law and the extreme "other-worldliness" professed by Christianity.
The witness must be unselfish, equipped with first-hand knowledge, and ready to intervene in the cause of justice. Such is the position claimed by Islam among rival systems. Similarly, within Islam itself, the position of witness to whom disputants can appeal is held by Muhammad Al Mustafa.
C145. The Qiblah of Jerusalem might itself have seemed strange to the Arabs, and the change from it to the Ka'bah might have seemed strange after they had become used to the other.
In reality one direction or another, or east or west, in itself did no matter, as Allah is in all places, and is independent of Time and Place. What mattered was the sense of discipline, on which Islam lays so much stress: which of us is willing to follow the directions of the chosen Prophet of Allah? Mere quibblers about non-essential matters are tested by this. (R).
C146. What became of prayer with the Jerusalem Qiblah?
It was equally efficacious before the new Qiblah was ordained. Allah regards our faith: every act of true and genuine faith is efficacious with Him, even if formalists pick holes in such acts.
Asad’s note
118: Lit., “middlemost community” – i.e., a community that keeps an equitable balance between extremes and is realistic in its appreciation of man’s nature and possibilities,……In tune with its oft-repeated call to moderation in every aspects of life, the Quran exhorts the believers not to place
too great an emphasis on the physical and material aspects of their lives, but postulates, at the same time, that man’s urges and desire relating to this ‘life of the flesh’ are God-willed and therefore, legitimate…………This balanced attitude, peculiar to Islam, flows directly from the concept of God’s oneness and, hence, of the unity of purpose underlying all His creation: and thus, the mention of the “community of the middle way” at this place is a fitting introduction to the theme of the Kabah, a symbol of God’s oneness.]
Amatulla’s comment:
This verse and others are specifically pointing the believers to stay away from EXTREMES of anything including religion. It is indicated other places that not to do excesses in a religion, because that is how many religions in the past have been destroyed and failed to manifest the Truth.]